home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Economy
-
- Overview: Agriculture employs a majority of the labor force
- and supplies almost 40% of exports. The agro-based manufacturing
- sector produces a variety of goods and contributes about 25% to
- GDP. Mining accounts for only 5% of both GDP and employment, but
- supplies of minerals and metals account for about 40% of exports.
- Wide year-to-year fluctuations in agricultural production over the
- past six years resulted in not only an uneven growth rate, but one
- that did not equal the 3% annual increase in population.
-
- GDP: $4.6 billion, per capita $470; real growth rate 5.3%
- (1988 est.).
-
- Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.4% (1988).
-
- Unemployment rate: at least 20% (1988 est.).
-
- Budget: revenues $2.4 billion; expenditures $3.0 billion,
- including capital expenditures of $290 million (FY90).
-
- Exports: $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--agricultural
- 34% (tobacco 21%, other 13%), manufactures 19%, gold 11%,
- ferrochrome 11%, cotton 6%; partners--Europe 55% (EC 41%,
- Netherlands 6%, other 8%), Africa 22% (South Africa 12%,
- other 10%), US 6%.
-
- Imports: $1.1 billion (c.i.f., 1988); commodities--machinery
- and transportation equipment 37%, other manufactures 22%,
- chemicals 16%, fuels 15%; partners--EC 31%, Africa 29% (South
- Africa 21%, other 8%), US 8%, Japan 4%.
-
- External debt: $2.96 billion (December 1989 est.).
-
- Industrial production: growth rate 4.7% (1988 est.).
-
- Electricity: 2,036,000 kW capacity; 5,460 million kWh produced,
- 540 kWh per capita (1989).
-
- Industries: mining, steel, clothing and footwear, chemicals,
- foodstuffs, fertilizer, beverage, transportation equipment,
- wood products.
-
- Agriculture: accounts for about 15% of GDP and employs over
- 70% of population; 40% of land area divided into 6,000 large
- commercial farms and 42% in communal lands; crops--corn
- (food staple), cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane,
- peanuts; livestock--cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; self-sufficient
- in food.
-
- Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY80-88), $359 million;
- Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
- (1970-87), $2.0 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89),
- $36 million; Communist countries (1970-88), $134 million.
-
- Currency: Zimbabwean dollar (plural--dollars); 1 Zimbabwean
- dollar (Z$) = 100 cents.
-
- Exchange rates: Zimbabwean dollars (Z$) per US$1--2.2873
- (January 1990), 2.1133 (1989), 1.8018 (1988), 1.6611 (1987),
- 1.6650 (1986), 1.6119 (1985).
-
- Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June.
-